It's important to ensure that your data set contains appropriate indexes. Higher values can accelerate the sorting of large result sets, but risk increasing memory usage on a highly active server. sort_buffer_size : Like join_buffer_size , but applicable to sorting operations using filesort.Complex joins between multiple tables will need multiple buffers, each of join_buffer_size capacity, which can quickly consume a lot of RAM. Setting it too high can lead to memory issues, as a join buffer is allocated for each full join between tables. Increasing the size of this buffer will accelerate queries, which use unindexed joins. join_buffer_size : This sets the size of the buffer used for joins without indexes.Otherwise, you'd be wasting RAM by provisioning a large buffer space for an unused table type. Note that if you're exclusively using either MyISAM or InnoDB tables, you should set the relevant variable accordingly and change the other to a relatively low size, such as 32M. key_buffer_size : This is similar to innodb_buffer_pool_size but is used for MyISAM tables.Larger values improve performance but cause an increased recovery time in the event of a crash. These files are used during crash recovery to restore incomplete transactions. innodb_log_file_size : Maximum size of redo log files in a log group.A larger number of instances can improve concurrency. Each page stored in the buffer pool is randomly assigned to one of the instances. innodb_buffer_pool_instances : A value between 1 and 64, defining the number of InnoDB buffer pools to operate.Try to make this at least as large as the total size of your data set, provided that you have sufficient memory available. It defines the size of the pool used to buffer queries to InnoDB tables. innodb_buffer_pool_size : As a rule of thumb, this is usually set to 70-80% of your available memory.Values are written in the MySQL configuration file using K, M, or G to indicate the storage unit (e.g. MySQL defaults to relatively small buffer sizes, which won't work well for larger workloads. Changing buffer and cache sizes can deliver a marked performance improvement.
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